Services and minutes
The services page is the school's promise. It says who will provide what, how often, for how long and where, and families can hold the school to every line of it.
These guides cover specially designed instruction, related services such as speech, OT, PT and counseling, supplementary aids and services, writing minutes per week or per month, push in and pull out models, and turning a caseload of service pages into a schedule that actually delivers the minutes. They also cover what to do when services are missed.
Start here
- IEP services and minutes: how to write the services page
How to write the IEP services page: one row per service with frequency, location, duration and provider, four filled examples, and a goal to service map.
How-to guides
- Building a special education master schedule
How to build a special education master schedule for a building: total IEP minutes, place intervention and co-taught blocks first, then fit related services.
- Consultation services on the IEP: what counts and how to log it
What counts as consult time on an IEP, how to write a consult service row, and how to log each contact so the minutes hold up at the annual review.
- How to request a 1:1 aide and what data teams look for
How to ask for a 1:1 aide for your child: write down the need, gather data, request a meeting in writing, and ask for a plan with tasks, times and fading.
- Scheduling pull-out services without missing core instruction
How a case manager schedules a student's pull-out services around core instruction: map the day, rank what can be missed, place sessions and check the week.
Examples
- Related services goals: who writes what
20 related services IEP goals for speech, OT, PT, counseling and other providers, with baselines and criteria, plus who writes each goal and how it is measured.
- Specially designed instruction examples by area
16 specially designed instruction examples for reading, writing, math, behavior and more, each shown weak and strong and tied to the data behind it.
- Supplementary aids and services examples
12 supplementary aids and services examples written for the IEP, each with the data behind it, what makes it strong, and a weak version to avoid.
- Supports for school personnel examples
20 supports for school personnel IEP examples: staff training, consultation and coaching written with who, what, how often and the student data behind each.
Comparisons
- 1:1 aide vs shared para support
A 1:1 aide works with one student; shared para support covers several. How teams decide, what the IEP should say, three cases, and why a fading plan matters.
- Push-in vs pull-out services
Push-in vs pull-out services compared: a side-by-side table, one deciding question, three classroom scenarios, and how to write each on the IEP.
- SDI vs accommodations vs supplementary aids
Specially designed instruction teaches a skill; an accommodation changes access; a supplementary aid supports the student in general education. Table and cases.
Templates
- IEP service log template
A fill-in IEP service log template with status codes, a completed month for a fictional speech student, and notes on what reviewers and parents look for.
- Service matrix template for a resource program
A fill-in special education service matrix for a resource program, with a completed example for one teacher's caseload and notes on what reviewers check.
For parents
- How IEP service minutes are decided
How the IEP team decides your child's service minutes: goals first, then data, then how often and how long. An annotated example and questions to ask.
- Medicaid consent for school-based services
Why the school asks you to sign a Medicaid consent form, what it allows, what it cannot change about your child's IEP services, and questions to ask first.
- Related services under IDEA: the full list
The related services listed in IDEA, from speech therapy to transportation, in plain words, with an annotated IEP example and questions to ask the team.
- Transportation as a related service
When transportation is a related service in the IEP, what special transportation can include, an annotated example, and questions to ask your child's team.
Explainers
- Aligning goals to services and minutes
How IEP service minutes should line up with goals: size minutes from the gap and growth rate, check alignment at each progress report, and adjust with data.
- Assistive technology devices and services in the IEP
What counts as an assistive technology device and service under IDEA, where AT goes in the IEP, home use rules, and one student's AT decision traced by date.
- Caseload caps and staffing ratios by model
IDEA sets no special education caseload caps. How states handle caseloads and class sizes by model, caseload versus workload, and one teacher's numbers.
- Co-teaching models explained
The six co-teaching models, when each one fits, how co-taught minutes go on the IEP, and one student's co-taught math class traced across a semester.
- The special education service delivery continuum
Special education service delivery models from consult to separate school, what each one looks like, how placement is reported, and one student moving on it.
IEP Atlas Pro
Turn your goals into progress reports
Pro tracks every goal on your caseload and drafts the report for you. Free for 14 days.
Count trials, prompts, and minutes live in the session; the graph and trend line draw themselves; progress reports are drafted from your data.