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Emotional disturbance

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Emotional disturbance is an IDEA category for emotional or behavioral conditions that last a long time, to a marked degree, and affect learning.

Topic: Disability categories and conditions

In plain terms

IDEA lists five characteristics: an inability to learn not explained by other factors, trouble building or keeping relationships, inappropriate behavior or feelings under normal circumstances, a general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression, or physical symptoms or fears tied to school or personal problems. It includes schizophrenia. It does not apply to students who are only socially maladjusted unless they also meet the definition. Many schools and families prefer terms like emotional and behavioral disability.

How it shows up in an IEP

Goals often target regulation, coping, relationships and replacement behaviors, supported by an FBA and counseling services. Strengths, interests and trusted adults should be part of the plan.

Example

A student with anxiety qualifies under emotional disturbance. Goals target using a coping plan when worried and attending full school days, with weekly counseling.

The rule

Federal reference: 34 CFR §300.8(c)(4).

Related terms

  • FBA (Functional Behavior Assessment)An FBA is a process for figuring out why a behavior happens, by studying when it occurs, what triggers it and what it gets or avoids for the student.
  • BIP (Behavior Intervention Plan)A BIP is a written plan, based on an FBA, that describes how staff will prevent a behavior, teach a replacement skill and respond when the behavior happens.
  • Counseling servicesCounseling services are an IEP related service, from a counselor, psychologist or social worker, that supports a student's emotional and social needs.
  • Self-regulationSelf-regulation is the ability to manage one's energy, emotions, attention and behavior to fit the situation and reach goals.
  • Check-in/check-outCheck-in/check-out is a Tier 2 behavior support in which a student meets an adult each morning and afternoon and gets feedback on a daily point card.

On IEP Atlas

This page describes special education terms and federal rules in general terms and is not legal advice. Our editorial policy explains how IEP Atlas writes and reviews content. Browse all 244 terms.