Articulation, fluency and voice
Speech sound goals follow a sequence: the sound in isolation, then syllables, words, phrases, sentences and conversation. A goal should name the sound, the position in the word, the level and the criterion, so anyone reading it knows where the student is.
These guides cover articulation and phonological goals, developmental norms for when a sound is expected, stuttering and cluttering goals that go beyond fluent speech counts, and voice goals. They also cover how to plan carryover into the classroom and at home so progress in the therapy room holds up elsewhere.
Start here
- Articulation goals examples: sound by sound, with data methods
Articulation goal examples for /s/, /r/, /l/, th, /k/ and more, with a ladder from isolation to conversation, a criterion at each level and sound ages.
How-to guides
- Articulation carryover strategies: moving a sound into class and home
Articulation carryover strategies that move a sound from the speech room into class and home: readiness check, self-monitoring, teacher routines and data.
- How to measure stuttering: percent syllables stuttered for IEP present levels
How to measure percent syllables stuttered for IEP present levels: sampling, counting syllables, what counts as a stutter, a worked example and common mistakes.
- Voice therapy data collection: how to measure voice goals
How to measure voice goals in school: medical clearance, defining the target voice, ratings, frequency counts, monthly recordings and a worked example.
Examples
- Accommodations for students who stutter: 24 examples written for the IEP
24 accommodations for students who stutter, written the way they should read in the IEP, with an accommodation or modification check and testing effects.
- Articulation baseline: 24 baseline statements with the goals they support
24 articulation baseline examples from stimulability to conversation, each paired with the goal it supports, plus the probe to give for each student profile.
- Articulation goals for 3 year olds: 20 play-based examples
20 articulation goals for 3 year olds, built around play and routines, with the sounds to expect at age 3, a decision table and short probes that fit preschool.
- Articulation goals for 4 and 5 year olds: 20 examples
20 articulation goals for 4 and 5 year olds: back sounds, /f/, /s/ and lisps, /l/, sh, clusters and kindergarten carryover, with ages to expect and probes.
- Cluttering IEP goals: 12 examples for speech rate and clarity
12 cluttering IEP goals for awareness, rate and pausing, clear long words and class talk, with a cluttering vs stuttering table and listener-based measures.
- Consonant cluster IEP goals: 16 examples with a scoring plan
16 consonant cluster IEP goals for s-, l- and r-clusters, final and three-sound clusters, with a probe schedule and a filled-in cluster data sheet.
- F sound IEP goals: 12 examples for /f/ and /v/
12 f sound IEP goals for /f/ and /v/, from lip placement to retells and conversation, with an age check, a language check, a decision table and error codes.
- Final consonant deletion IEP goals: 24 examples
24 final consonant deletion IEP goals from noticing endings to class talk, with baselines, criteria, a decision table and how to score the pattern in a sample.
- Fluency goals examples for students who stutter
20 fluency goal examples for students who stutter: strategies, self-monitoring, class participation, attitudes and cluttering, each with a baseline and measure.
- Fronting IEP goals: 20 examples for /k/ and /g/
20 fronting IEP goals for /k/ and /g/, from minimal pairs to conversation, with baselines, criteria, a decision table and a scoring plan for velar fronting.
- Intelligibility IEP goals: 24 examples and how to measure them
24 intelligibility IEP goals for words, conversation, rate, repair and class talk, plus a step-by-step way to measure speech intelligibility with a listener.
- Loudness, pitch and breathy voice goals
12 loudness, pitch and breathy voice IEP goals for school SLPs, with the medical clearance that comes first, a decision table and ways to measure each goal.
- Phonological processes IEP goals: stopping, gliding, cluster reduction
Phonological processes IEP goals for stopping, gliding, cluster reduction and more, with a process table, target selection steps and 12 measurable examples.
- Resonance IEP goals: 16 examples for hypernasality and nasal emission
16 resonance IEP goals for hypernasality, nasal emission and compensatory errors, with the medical referral that comes first, a decision table and ratings.
- SH sound IEP goals: 24 examples for sh, ch and j
24 sh sound IEP goals covering sh, ch and j, from lip rounding and central airflow to class talk, with a decision table, error codes and a probe plan.
- TH sound IEP goals: 24 examples for voiced and voiceless th
24 th sound IEP goals for voiced and voiceless th, from placement to class talk, with an age check, a dialect check, a decision table and scoring codes.
- Vocal hygiene IEP goals: 16 examples, plus vocal hygiene for kids
16 vocal hygiene IEP goals for yelling, loudness, throat clearing, voice rest and singing, with a kid-friendly habit list and the ENT referral that comes first.
Comparisons
- Articulation data collection: percent correct vs opportunities
Articulation data collection compared: percent correct on set trials versus opportunities in real talk, with a side-by-side table, three scenarios and one test.
- Stuttering therapy techniques: fluency shaping vs stuttering modification
Stuttering therapy techniques compared: fluency shaping vs stuttering modification, with a side-by-side table, three school scenarios and a deciding question.
IEP Atlas Pro
Turn your goals into progress reports
Pro tracks every goal on your caseload and drafts the report for you. Free for 14 days.
Count trials, prompts, and minutes live in the session; the graph and trend line draw themselves; progress reports are drafted from your data.