Inferencing IEP goals
15 templates across 7 skills: reading comprehension, receptive language, literary analysis & author's craft, social awareness & perspective taking, listening comprehension & auditory processing, patterns, data & graphs, expressive language. Open any goal to set the baseline and target from your own data, then print the matching data sheet.
15 templates · 7 skills · K–2, 3–5, 6–8, 9–12 · How we write and review goals
Goals by skill
Numbers are illustrative; set targets from the student's own baseline.
Reading Comprehension Reading
Make inferences supported by text evidence
Inference with text evidence
By the annual IEP review date, after reading an unpracticed instructional-level passage and given 3 inferential questions, the student will answer each question with an inference and a quoted or paraphrased piece of text evidence that supports it independently, earning a score of at least 9 out of 12 on an inference-and-evidence rubric (3 questions, each scored 0–2 for the inference and 0–2 for the evidence), on 3 of 4 consecutive scored probes, as measured by a defined scoring rubric collected every two weeks.
Tell how a character feels and why
Character inferences
By the annual IEP review date, during a read-aloud of a picture book, at a planned stopping point after something happens to a character, the student will name how the character feels and the event in the story that caused it independently in at least 4 of 5 opportunities, across 3 consecutive sessions, as measured by opportunity-by-opportunity data collected twice weekly.
Receptive Language Speech & Language
Infer causes and feelings from short scenarios
Inferences from spoken information
By the annual IEP review date, given 10 spoken scenarios of 2 to 3 sentences, each followed by an inference question about a cause or a feeling, the student will answer the inference question with an answer that the scenario supports but did not state independently with at least 80% accuracy on spoken inference questions, across 3 consecutive therapy sessions, as measured by opportunity-by-opportunity data collected during each therapy session.
Name the answer to a spoken clue riddle
Inferences from spoken information
By the annual IEP review date, given 10 spoken riddles of 3 clues each about everyday places, objects, or jobs, with no answer choices, the student will name the item, place, or person the clues describe independently with at least 85% accuracy on clue riddles, across 3 consecutive therapy sessions, as measured by opportunity-by-opportunity data collected during each therapy session.
Explain what drives a character's choice
Character motivation
By the annual IEP review date, after reading an instructional-level short story, given a key decision a character makes, the student will write an explanation of the character's motive for the choice, with two text clues and what the character hoped would happen independently, earning a score of at least 7 out of 9 on a 9-point character motivation rubric, on 3 of 4 consecutive biweekly work samples, as measured by a defined scoring rubric collected every two weeks.
Social Awareness & Perspective Taking Social-Emotional & Communication
Infer what a character wants from clues
Inferring wants and thoughts
By the annual IEP review date, given 10 short passages or video clips in which a character's goal is shown but not stated, the student will say what the character wants or plans and name 2 clues independently with at least 75% accuracy on character passages or clips, in 3 of 4 consecutive weekly probes, as measured by work-sample analysis collected weekly.
Name likely emotions when faces are hidden
Emotions from the situation alone
By the annual IEP review date, given 10 picture scenes in which faces are hidden or turned away (such as a dropped lunch tray, a lost game, a surprise party), the student will name the emotion a person in the scene would likely have and the part of the situation that tells them independently with at least 80% accuracy on picture scenes, across 3 consecutive sessions, as measured by opportunity-by-opportunity data collected weekly.
Listening Comprehension & Auditory Processing Speech & Language
Answer inference questions about a passage heard aloud
Inferences from a heard passage
By the annual IEP review date, after listening to a short passage read aloud, given 10 questions that require an inference (why, what will happen next, how does the character feel), the student will answer each inference question with a conclusion supported by what was heard independently with at least 80% accuracy on inference questions, across 3 consecutive therapy sessions, as measured by opportunity-by-opportunity data collected weekly.
See all 40 listening comprehension & auditory processing goals
Draw a conclusion or make a prediction from data
Drawing conclusions and making predictions
By the annual IEP review date, given a graph or table and a question such as "what will probably happen next?" or "what does this data show?", the student will state a conclusion or prediction that the data supports and give one piece of evidence from the display independently, earning a score of at least 3 out of 4 on a 2-row data conclusion rubric (0 to 2 points per row), on 3 of 4 consecutive scored samples, as measured by a defined scoring rubric collected every two weeks.
Expressive Language Speech & Language
Tell what probably happened from picture clues
Making inferences aloud
By the annual IEP review date, given 10 pictures with clear clues to an event that is not shown (such as a broken vase and a dog with a guilty look), the student will tell what probably happened and name the clue that shows it independently with at least 80% accuracy on picture inference questions, across 3 consecutive therapy sessions, as measured by opportunity-by-opportunity data collected during each therapy session.
Inferencing goals come from reading comprehension, receptive language, listening comprehension, expressive language, social awareness, and data analysis in math. They ask the student to use clues plus what they already know to work out something not stated: how a character feels and why, what probably happened in a picture, what a speaker means, or what a graph suggests. Good goals name the material, its level, how the student answers, and whether the student must point to the clue or evidence. Most are measured with percent accuracy on a fixed set of questions, and written answers can use a short rubric. Start with pictures and short spoken scenarios before longer texts, and teach the student to name the clue that led to the answer.
Matching data sheets
Each goal above links to the blank sheet built for its measure. These are the sheets this set of goals uses:
- Rubric trackerScores each rubric criterion and totals the score for each sample.Used by 5 goals here
- Opportunity trackerRecords each opportunity as independent, prompted, or not demonstrated.Used by 2 goals here
- Accuracy trackerNumber correct out of number attempted, with percent accuracy and support level.Used by 8 goals here
Frequently asked questions
How do I measure an inferencing goal?
Give a fixed set of inference questions, often 5 to 10, about a passage or picture at the student's level and score percent correct. Decide in advance whether an answer needs a clue or evidence to count.
What comes before inference goals?
Students usually need solid literal comprehension and vocabulary first. If a student misses literal questions too, start there or work on both with picture-based inferences.
IEP Atlas Pro
Turn these goals into progress reports
Pro tracks every goal on your caseload and drafts the report for you. Free for 14 days.
Count trials, prompts, and minutes live in the session; the graph and trend line draw themselves; progress reports are drafted from your data.