Functional & Independence Skills IEP goals for Developmental Delay
158 functional & independence skills templates across 9 skills: preschool & kindergarten readiness, toileting, functional routines, daily living skills, community & safety skills, school-related independence, leisure & recreation, health & self-management, functional academics. Each opens in the builder with a matching data sheet.
158 templates · 9 skills · Pre-K, K–2, 3–5, 6–8, 9–12 · How we write and review goals
Top skills
The 8 most relevant skills, with sample goals. Numbers are illustrative; set targets from the student's own baseline.
Preschool & Kindergarten Readiness Functional & Independence Skills
Say goodbye to the caregiver and join the classroom
Separating from a caregiver
By the annual IEP review date, at morning drop-off at the classroom door, with the caregiver following the agreed goodbye routine, the student will complete the drop-off routine and join the first activity, performing at least 4 of 5 steps independently, on 4 of 5 consecutive school days, as measured by a task-analysis checklist collected daily at drop-off.
Sit and attend during circle time
Attending during circle time
By the annual IEP review date, during the daily circle time on the carpet with the whole class, the student will remain in the circle area and take part in the activity in their usual way (such as responding, singing, or using the materials) independently for at least 8 minutes, on 4 of 5 consecutive circle times, as measured by duration recording collected daily during circle time.
Toileting Functional & Independence Skills
Request the bathroom with a picture or sign
Communicating the need to use the bathroom
By the annual IEP review date, when they show the signs of needing the bathroom listed in their toileting plan (holding, squirming, pausing play), the student will tell an adult they need the bathroom by handing over the picture card, signing, saying a word, or pressing a device button before an adult names the bathroom in at least 4 of 6 opportunities, on 4 of 5 consecutive school days, as measured by opportunity-by-opportunity data collected daily, across the school day.
Go to the bathroom at the schedule cue
Taking part in a toileting schedule
By the annual IEP review date, when the toileting schedule cue is given (a timer, the bathroom picture on their visual schedule, or an adult's spoken cue), the student will stop the current activity and walk to the bathroom with the adult independently in at least 5 of 6 opportunities, on 4 of 5 observed days, as measured by opportunity-by-opportunity data collected at every scheduled trip.
Functional Routines Functional & Independence Skills
Complete the morning arrival routine
Morning arrival routine
By the annual IEP review date, upon entering the classroom at the start of the school day, the student will complete the morning arrival routine without a visual task list, performing at least 7 of 8 steps independently, on 4 of 5 consecutive school days, as measured by a task-analysis checklist collected daily during the arrival routine.
Pack up and get ready for dismissal
End-of-day dismissal routine
By the annual IEP review date, when the end-of-day pack-up signal is given, the student will complete the end-of-day pack-up routine using a written pack-up checklist, performing at least 8 of 9 steps independently, on 4 of 5 consecutive school days, as measured by a task-analysis checklist collected daily at dismissal.
Daily Living Skills Functional & Independence Skills
Wash hands following a step sequence
Handwashing
By the annual IEP review date, before eating snack or lunch and after using the restroom, the student will wash hands at the sink using a picture sequence posted at the sink, performing at least 8 of 9 steps independently, on 4 of 5 consecutive school days, as measured by a task-analysis checklist collected at one planned handwashing time each day.
Put on outdoor clothing before going outside
Dressing for outdoor recess
By the annual IEP review date, when the class gets ready to go outside for recess on a cold day, the student will put on outdoor clothing for cold weather using a picture sequence at the cubby, performing at least 6 of 7 steps independently, on 4 of 5 consecutive observed days, as measured by a task-analysis checklist collected three days per week during cold-weather months.
Community & Safety Skills Functional & Independence Skills
Walk safely through a parking lot with an adult
Parking lot safety
By the annual IEP review date, when walking from the car or bus to the school entrance through the drop-off area, the student will walk through the parking lot following the safety routine beside the adult, performing all 5 steps independently, on 4 of 5 consecutive observed walks, as measured by a task-analysis checklist collected daily at arrival or at each community outing.
Stay with the group during a community outing
Staying with the group
By the annual IEP review date, during a community-based instruction outing in a store or public building, the student will stay within the agreed distance of the group and stop when the group stops independently in 6 of 6 opportunities, across 3 consecutive outings, as measured by direct observation collected at each outing, recorded in 10-minute intervals.
School-Related Independence Functional & Independence Skills
Open a combination locker and complete a locker stop
Using a combination locker
By the annual IEP review date, at the assigned hallway locker between classes, the student will open the combination lock and complete a locker stop from memory, performing at least 7 of 8 steps independently, on 4 of 5 consecutive observed school days, as measured by a task-analysis checklist collected twice weekly.
Sign in to a school device and open the assigned task
Signing in to a school device
By the annual IEP review date, at the start of a lesson that uses a school-issued device, the student will sign in to the school device and open the assigned task on the learning platform using a login card kept in a private place, performing at least 7 of 9 steps independently, on 4 of 5 consecutive device sessions, as measured by a task-analysis checklist collected twice weekly.
Leisure & Recreation Functional & Independence Skills
Choose a free-time activity from a choice board
Choosing a leisure activity from options
By the annual IEP review date, at the start of free choice time, with a choice board of three to four activities the student likes, the student will choose an activity by pointing to, touching, or naming a picture on the choice board and go to it independently in at least 4 of 5 opportunities, on 4 of 5 observed days, as measured by opportunity-by-opportunity data collected daily at free choice time.
Play on own with a chosen activity
Independent leisure for a set time
By the annual IEP review date, during free choice time, after choosing an activity from the choice board, the student will independently play with the chosen activity by using the materials in their own way, without needing an adult to keep them going for at least 8 minutes, on 4 of 5 consecutive school days, as measured by duration recording collected daily during free choice time.
Health & Self-Management Functional & Independence Skills
Cover a cough or sneeze and wash hands
Hygiene and illness prevention
By the annual IEP review date, when they cough or sneeze during class or small-group work, the student will cover the cough or sneeze with a tissue or the inside of the elbow, throw away any tissue, and clean their hands independently in at least 8 of 10 opportunities, on 4 of 5 observed days, as measured by frequency recording collected during two class periods a day, three days a week.
Sort lunch foods into plate-model groups
Plate-model food choices
By the annual IEP review date, given picture cards of foods from the school lunch menu and a plate-model mat, the student will place each food card in its plate-model group independently with at least 85% accuracy on food items sorted, in 3 of 4 consecutive weekly probes, as measured by opportunity-by-opportunity data collected weekly.
All 9 skills
Every skill with goals for this group, by area. The number is how many of its goals are tagged here.
Routines, daily living, functional academics, community safety, toileting, health, and leisure skills. Developmental Delay is a category states may use for young children, generally ages 3 through 9, when a delay in one or more areas calls for special education. The goals below are preschool and early elementary goals across communication, motor, social, adaptive, and readiness skills.
Matching data sheets
Each goal above links to the blank sheet built for its measure. These are the sheets this set of goals uses:
- Task-analysis checklistMarks each step of a routine as independent, with support, or not completed across sessions.Used by 65 goals here
- Duration trackerTimes how long a behavior lasts and compares it with the target duration.Used by 16 goals here
- Latency trackerTimes the gap between a cue and the start of the response.Used by 5 goals here
- Opportunity trackerRecords each opportunity as independent, prompted, or not demonstrated.Used by 52 goals here
- Accuracy trackerNumber correct out of number attempted, with percent accuracy and support level.Used by 18 goals here
- Frequency & rate trackerCounts a defined behavior during a fixed observation period. Calculates rate when time is recorded.Used by 2 goals here
Frequently asked questions
Until what age can a child be eligible under Developmental Delay?
IDEA lets states use the category for children ages 3 through 9, and each state sets its own age range within that. After the state's cutoff the child is reevaluated under another category.
What do preschool IEP goals look like?
They name a skill in a classroom routine, such as following a two-step direction during cleanup or requesting a turn during play, and measure it with opportunities or task-analysis steps. Numbers are small and sessions are short.
What functional skill goals fit students with developmental delay?
Daily living routines, school independence (arrival, materials, transitions), functional academics (money, time, schedules), community safety, and vocational readiness for older students, measured with task-analysis checklists and opportunity data.
How do I write a routine as a goal?
Break the routine into ordered steps, record which steps the student completes independently, and set the criterion as a number of steps across several sessions.
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